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Taj Mahal Agra
Location of Taj Mahal
Location of Taj Mahal

Agra, the city of the Taj Mahal and once the capital of the Mughal empire,
has several monuments which display the splendour of Mughal architecture. It
was here that Babar, the founder of the dynasty, had the first formal
Persian garden laid out on the banks of the river Yamuna. Akbar, his
grandson, raised the towering ramparts of the great Red Fort, within whose
walls Jahangir built rose-red palaces, courts and gardens, and which
Shahajahan embellished with marble mosques, palaces and pavilions of
gem-inlaid white marble.
Agra is mentioned in the ancient epic
Mahabharata as Agraban, the sister city of the more prominent Mathura. Agra
was established in 1475 by Badal Singh and came into its own when Sikander
Lodhi of the Lodhi dynasty chose it for his capital because of its proximity
to the Yamuna. Babur defeated the Lodhis to capture not only Agra but also
to lay the foundation of the Mughal empire. In the mid-16th and earlier 17th
centuries, Agra witnessed a frenzied building activity and it was during
this time that the symbol of love, the Taj Mahal, was built. The buildings
made during this era were purely in the contemporary Mughal style and of
very high quality. Besides the monuments, Agra is worth a visit for the
masterpieces of craftsmen recreating the glory of the Mughal period and for
the Mughlai cuisine, the aroma of which fills the narrow lanes of Agra.
Banks of Yamuna On the banks of river
Yamuna, rises the crescent-like Agra Fort. Designed and built by Emperor
Akbar in 1565 A.D., the fort is surrounded by a 70 foot high wall. It houses
the beautiful Pearl Mosque and numerous palaces including the Jahangiri
Mahal, Khas Mahal, Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am, Machihi Bhawan and Moti Masjid.
The fort has four gates and is enclosed by a double battlemented wall of red
sand stone.